Advances in antiviral drug resistance and resistance mechanisms
ABSTRACT There are more than 40 antivirus drugs in the clinical use, which have played very important role in the treatment of viral diseases. Like other kind of antiinfection drugs, antivirus drugs can also induce resistance in longtime use that results the reducing of therapeutic efficacy and becoming a very tough problem in the clinical treatment and the development of new drugs. This paper briefly reviewed the recent advances in resistance and resistance mechanisms of antiHIV drugs, antiHBV drugs, antiinfluenza drugs and antiHSV drugs.
KEY WORDS Antivirus drugs; Resistance; Resistance mechanisms
(1)患者用藥的依從性 患者用藥依從性對預防耐藥突變非常重要,防止不規則用藥或任意中斷用藥。British Columbia Center觀察1200例HIV患者耐藥發展情況,發現服藥依從性是是否產生耐藥的最強因素。(2)采取最佳聯合用藥方案及劑量,以降低或延緩發生耐藥。(3)治療前了解感染毒株對藥物敏感性。(4)用藥早期,監測病毒載量,觀察患者對治療反應,及時調整治療方案。
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第5篇:抗病毒藥物范文
張先生是某公司銷售部經理,患有慢性乙肝10余年。去年5月,張先生體檢發現,ALT(谷丙轉氨酶)85單位/升,HBV DNA7.5×108拷貝/毫升。他聽說派羅欣的e抗原血清轉換率較高,就要求醫生給他使用該藥。一年療程結束后,張先生花了7萬余元,但檢查結果表明自己仍為“大三陽”,HBVDNA仍陽性,他心中很郁悶。一次偶然的機會,張先生遇到了同樣患有慢性乙肝的王先生。王先生HBV DNA 6×106拷貝/毫升,ALT300單位/升,用拉米夫定治療2年后,乏力感消失,食欲恢復正常,檢查結果顯示HBV DNA轉陰,“大三陽”轉為“小三陽”,僅花了1萬多元。為什么自己跟人家治療的效果、費用差別這么大?張先生十分不解。
Abstract:Objective To determine the anti-respirovirus effects in vitro and cytotoxicuty of five Chinese drug preparations. Method The models of influenza virus infecting MDCK cells, coxsackie virus and respiratory syncytial virus infecting Vero E6 cells were established in this study. By using cytopathic effect (CPE) as the index, the antivirus effects in vitro and cytotoxicity of five Chinese drug preparations were investigated. In these tests, ribavirin was used as the control. Results The minimal dilutions not presenting cytotoxicity to MDCK cells of No.1~5 Chinese drug preparations were 1∶20, 1∶40, 1∶20, 1∶80 and 1∶400, while that to Vero E6 cells were 1∶40, 1∶80, 1∶20, 1∶20 and 1∶100, respectively. The IC50 values of No.1~5 Chinese drug preparations to influenza virus were 1∶200, 1∶100, 1∶400, 1∶200 and 1∶400 dilutions, while that to coxsackie virus were 1∶50, 1∶50, 1∶100, 1∶200 and 1∶200 dilutions, and that to respiratory syncytial virus were
3. Department of Medicine, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032)
Abstract More than 30 kinds of drugs are currently used to treat human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection. Combination therapy of 3 or more such drugs has greatly improved antiretroviral efficacy, which can lead to some multiple drug interactions. Antibiotics, especially anti-tubercular agents and antifungal agents are commonly used in patients with HIV/AIDS so as to complicate the drug interactions in this population. Drug interactions might lead to decrease therapeutic efficacy and increase risk of adverse events. This review introduces the major drug interactions in antiretroviral therapy and treatment for the occasional infections, as well as the dose adjustment and contraindication in combination therapy.
Key words antiretroviral therapy; occasional infection; drug interactions; human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)
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